Harmons 1898 book Hell on the Border. However, as early as 1901 writer D.C. Gideon detailed Reeves in his book Indian Territory., Among the numerous deputy marshals that have ridden for the Paris (Texas), Fort Smith (Arkansas) and Indian Territory courts none have met with more hairbreadth escapes or have affected more hazardous arrests than Bass Reeves, of Muskogee, Gideon writes. Police departments and state agencies took over, meaning that marshals and deputies lost their authority. Reeves had a beat in downtown Muskogee, during . [5], He was himself once charged with murdering a posse cook. After the war, Bass Reeves settled down outside Van Buren, Arkansas, and maintained a horse ranch and small farm. In 1887, Reeves had to sell his home and farm in the Catcher Community near Van Buren to pay for his first-degree murder defense with attorneys William H.H. This page has been accessed 17,324 times. Williams son, Colonel George Reeves, was Basss legal owner. Early in the war, the 11th Texas Cavalry Regiment fought at the Battle of Chustenahlah in the Indian Territory and the Battle of Pea Ridge, also known as the Battle of Elkhorn Tavern. The actual number might shock you, however. The U.S. From the shackles of slavery to the US Marshals Service, Reeves lived a life of conflict, excitement, and heartbreak. [2] He served for two years before he became ill and had to retire. Reeves lived in the protection of his new communities and learned their languages for the next several years. If so, login to add it. [2][3][4] Bass stayed with these Native American tribes and learned their languages until he was freed by the Thirteenth Amendment's abolishment of slavery in 1865. [3], Later Reeves moved to Arkansas and farmed near Van Buren. He liked to brag that there was never any crime reported on his beat. Marshals Museum. The memorial was held close to the 110th anniversary of Reeves' death in 1910. He got close to the two sons, told tall tales of thievery, and waited. Other blacks were also appointed to this position: Dee Rogers, Bob Fortune, Bill Colbert, Neely Factor, Zeke Moore and Grant Johnson. Bass took the warrant and bought his son in for murder shortly thereafter his son convicted and sent to Leavenworth. After it became one of the most popular shows on television, Paramount greenlit a prequel miniseries titled 1883. Marshal Leo Bennett in Muskogee, Oklahoma, only to find[13] his own son had been charged with the murder of his wife. Its clear at this point that the deputy tracked down and captured a huge number of outlaws. He was never KNOWN to make a mistake. But theres one last twist in this story: Bennie received a pardon in 1914. At the outbreak of the Civil War, George was made an officer in the 11th Texas Cavalry Regiment, second in command to Col. William G. Young. Sadly, Reeves beloved wife, Nellie Jennie, passed in Fort Smith in 1896. A little boy sits transfixed in a movie theater as Reeves brings a crooked white sheriff to justice. BLOODY RECORD OF, Reeves Noted Secret Service Manhunter Dead Muskogee Okla Jan 12, Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, 1836-1922. http://www.ifyouonlynews.com/videos/the-lone-ranger-was-real-and-he First black deputy U.S. marshal west of the Mississippi River. In fact, his personality was so warm that it comes up in countless contemporary sources detailing his many adventures and arrests. [78] Reeves was born into slavery in Grayson County, Texas in 1838. Good job on the profile!! In 1875,[7] Isaac Parker was appointed Federal Judge for the Indian Territory. It did not seem accidental. Well, the show was last announced as 1883: The Bass Reeves Story back in May 2022. [3], When the American Civil War began, George Reeves joined the Confederate Army, forcing Bass to go with him. I think Bass Reeves claim to fame is his persistence, and he bounced back after the murder trial.. He does not know what fear is. This claim was backed up with hard evidence, as well soon discover. Fagan had heard about Reeves, who knew the Indian Territory and could speak several Indian languages. Director Isaiah Washington Writers Robert Johnson Isaiah Washington Stars Marshal Bass Reeves, possibly the greatest lawman of the Old West. All Photos Courtesy Art T. Burton Unless Otherwise Noted . As Sheridan recently told Deadline, they wanted to hold a meeting to discuss how certain characters may have survived their deaths, so Sheridan worked up another peek into the window instead. The deputies covered an area of 75,000 square miles. Bass Reeves (July 1838 - January 12, 1910) was an American law enforcement official, historically noted as the first black deputy U.S. marshal west of the Mississippi River. In 1890, he received an arrest warrant for an infamous Cherokee outlaw named Ned Christie. The legend of Bass Reeves will only continue to grow as more discover his story. If you didnt think the .css-umdwtv{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:.0625rem;text-decoration-color:#FF3A30;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:inherit;-webkit-transition:background 0.4s;transition:background 0.4s;background:linear-gradient(#ffffff, #ffffff 50%, #d5dbe3 50%, #d5dbe3);-webkit-background-size:100% 200%;background-size:100% 200%;}.css-umdwtv:hover{color:#000000;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;-webkit-background-position:100% 100%;background-position:100% 100%;}Yellowstone extended universe of shows could get any more confusing, well, youd lose that bet today. Bass Reeves began his life as a slave in the state of Arkansas in July 1838, near the town of Van Buren. [2] Once he had to arrest his own son for murder. After his release, he apparently turned his life around and lived out the rest of his life without offense. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. Marshal for the Western District of Arkansas, which also had responsibility for the Indian Territory. Bass Reeves served 35 years as a Deputy United States Marshal in that time he arrested 3,000 outlaws and killed 14 men, he always said that he never shot a man when it was not necessary for him to do so in the discharge of his duty to save his own life. Anything that could get him closer to his quarry. In the late 1870s and early 1880s, most guards, turnkeys, cooks and bailiffs for the Fort Smith federal court were African Americans. Western Books: An Officer of Honor and Grit, Ask the Marshall Bat Masterson: Armed and Dangerous, Lincoln: Prepare Ye the Way for the Horde. He was one of Judge Parker's most valued deputies. The round trip would be approximately 400 miles and would take one or two months, depending on high water in the rivers and creeks. But, no matter how well the farm did, Bass Reeves was never meant to be a farmer. In 1855, George was elected to the Texas House of Representatives from Grayson County. Selmas David Oyelowo will star as Bass Reeves, alongside the recently announced Dennis Quaid as Deputy U.S. Marshall Sherrill Lynn. Reeves was now 69 years old, the only deputy U.S. marshal I have found that started with Judge Parkers regime in 1875 and worked up to Oklahoma statehood in 1907. As a black man tasked with law enforcement in unceded, Indigenous territory, Reeves was in a precarious situation. So, when Reeves learned that his son was a wanted man, the lawman demanded the warrant. Later, Reeves was made the principal lawman for the large African American community in Muskogee, and he had several Black assistants in that role. Legend has it that Reeves ended up getting into a serious confrontation with his master over a card game in 1861. It was the last thing he ever did. The public won't want to miss the unveiling of these pieces on Saturday," said Jessica Hougen, curator of collections and exhibits for the U.S. Webb had earlier killed a Black farmer who accidently burned some grazing land on the Washington Ranch. Kennedy pointed to racist sentiment on the part of incoming state officials, as well as the Congressional delegation and the incoming U.S. marshal when Oklahoma became a state in 1907 as reasons Reeves lost his job with the Marshals Service. Working mainly the Arkansas and the Oklahoma Territory, Reeves would bring more than 3,000 dangerous criminals, outlaws, and murderers to justice - including his own son. According to the letter of the law, it didnt matter who they were. Reeves reputation quickly spread across the West. We may never know exactly how many black men served as Deputy U.S. Marshals, a placard at the Historic Site reads. However, the ranger never drew his weapon first. Marshals. At this time Bass was married to his wife, Jennie, who was also from Texas, and they had four children. Reeves and his companion avoided the first flurry of bullets, and the sound of the laughter pinpointed Doziers location. While he lived with the local Indigenous tribes, Bass became a guide for government officials who traveled through the Indian Territory. Reeves unemployment did not last long because, at the start of the new year in 1908, he was hired as a Muskogee city policeman and given a beat downtown. Marshals Museum in Fort Smith, which is in the process of constructing a building on the Arkansas River in Fort Smith for a national museum, has among its collection of artifacts a Spencer rifle Reeves took from a Civil War battlefield and two pistols Reeves purchased later during his career. Yellowstone, set in the present day, follows the Dutton family as they try to protect the largest ranch in the United States from hedge funds and governmental bodies looking to take their generational land away from them. It was probably a pleasant changebut it was not to last. They would later have 11 children in the household. Gibson, assault with intent to kill; Arthur Copiah, Abe Lincoln, Miss Adeline Grayson and Sally Copiah, alias Long Sally, introducing whiskey in Indian country; J.F. Reeves was also known to love racing his sorrell horse, and would go to extremes to serve writs. From judges to supervising marshals, nobody took issue with Reevesexcept, of course, for outlaws. [5] He recruited him as a deputy; Reeves was the first black deputy to serve west of the Mississippi River. Historys most fascinating stories and darkest secrets, delivered to your inbox daily. Most marshals were afraid to take the caseno one wanted to track down the son of the infamous Bass Reeves. Im not sure he was too worried about it, though. If anyone has a chance to come to crawford county, come do it! [9] He served there until 1893. Bass also served as bodyguard, coachman and butler. Marshal west of the Mississippi River, although he was never a Ranger nor did he ever live in Texas. Reeves and his family were enslaved by Arkansas state legislator William Steele Reeves. The Arkansas Gazette in September 1884 re-ported Reeves brought 15 prisoners to Fort Smith. This court at that time had jurisdiction over most of the Choctaw and Chickasaw Nations. [10], Reeves' health began to fail further after retiring. In 1900, at 62 years old, Reeves married for a second time. Deputies would work out of Fort Smith and venture into the Indian Territory with warrants and open warrants. It should be no surprise, then, that Parker had a soft spot for Reeves. William Steele Reeves, a prominent citizen and politician, enslaved his family. As it turns out, the time to draw seemed to come up a lot. Reeves was born into slavery in Crawford County, Arkansas, in 1838. Such a dark beginning really sets the stage for the twisted tale of law and violence that followed. Dave Kennedy, curator of collections and exhibits, said recently the museum is still in search of Bass . This didnt hold him back in the slightest. They had 11 children: William Reeves, Edgar Reeves, Lulu Reeves, Sally Reeves, Robert Reeves, Harriet Reeves, George Reeves, Alice Mae Reeves, Newland Reeves, Benjamin Bennie Reeves and Bass Reeves Jr. Bass married Winnie Reeves in 1864, at age 26 in Arkansas, United States. Reeves had a reputation as an expert in Indigenous languages with an intimate knowledge of the land. The Fort Smith National Historic Site has a room dedicated to the history of black lawmen and local military units. My mom never told me how her best friend died. Marshal credited with being the inspiration for The Lone Ranger. Marshals who worked for the Federal Court at Fort Smith, Arkansas. To top it off, a bridge was named in his honor, a statue was erected in Oklahoma, and the lawman was inducted into the cowboy hall of fame in Texas. WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. Before Reeves could respond, the gunman shot his belt in half. When Reeves faced trial, he was lucky enough to know the right people. He still always got his manand when they asked him to produce his warrants, he always pulled out the right one. [1] Bass Reeves may have served Colonel George R. Reeves, the son of William Reeves, the owner of Bass Reeves when he was a slave. Reeves could not read or write, but he was a skilled detective, a master of disguise, and an expert tracker. Once, he walked 28 miles dressed as a beggar and fooled two men and their mother into letting him stay the night. The residents of the territory said he could whip any two men with his fist. In the late 1870s, although Reeves was a deputy U.S. marshal, much of his work was as a posseman for other deputy U.S. marshals, including Robert J. In the card game Cartaventura Oklahoma, one plays the fictional escape of Bass Reeves with five possible outcomes. Picture this on horseback, with a leather saddle and stiff boots. Enter a grandparent's name. Barton quotes many sources in his book, and many times Reeves is credited with bringing in about a dozen prisoners or more at a time from the Indian Territory to the District Courthouse in Fort Smith. For the next 11 years, Bennie Reeves sat in Fort Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary. There was a movie made in his honor. [1][2] Reeves was named after his grandfather, Basse Washington. Bass Reeves is a part of US Black history. From 1920-1970, Kennedy explained, the name Bass Reeves, as well as those of Grant Foreman and Robert Fortune were forgotten outside the circle of family and local history. "Bass Reeves Some have suggested a possible historical inspiration was Bass Reeves, the first Black deputy U.S. Clayton, formerly the U.S. Attorney in Judge Parkers court, and William M. Cravens. The only significant remains of the second fort [built in 1839] are the old stone Commissary Building and Judge Parker's Courtroom, which has been restored. Bass would travel west to Fort Sill, north to Fort Reno and sometimes Fort Supply, picking up and arresting felons who broke federal law in the Indian Territory. Joined by an ex Union Sharpshooter, they are in a race against time as they track Jack Donner and his vicious gang of killers to the oil-rich Texas town of Corsicana. At his trial before Judge Parker, Reeves claimed to have shot the man by mistake while cleaning his gun; he was represented by former United States Attorney W. H. H. Clayton, who was a colleague and friend. Love the history behind my home town! Oklahoma became a state in 1907. His career stretched from the U.S. Federal Court for the Western District of Arkansas in 1875 until two years after Oklahoma gained statehood in 1907.. Reeves was an expert with pistol and rifle and could shoot ambidextrously. Later, he was killed by a large federal posse in 1892, never to prove his innocence. One day, Benjamins wife suddenly passed under extremely suspicious circumstances. He worked mostly in Arkansas and the Oklahoma Territory. Making distraction rewarding since 2017. After he died the [16] Muskogee Phoenix wrote of the legendary lawman, In the history of the early days of Eastern Oklahoma the name of Bass Reeves has a place in the front rank among those who cleansed out the old Indian Territory of outlaws and desperadoes. Federal Judge Paul Brady and his wife Xernona were in Fort Smith on Monday (April 11) to donate a gun, U.S. When the amendment passed, he moved to Arkansas and became a small-time farmer. He knew that every chase was potentially his last. After some malfeasance and misappropriations of federal funds, William Story was fired as the judge of the Western District of Arkansas federal court at Fort Smith. [2] He served for two years before he became ill and retired. He was also a black dude. Because Reeves spent his early years in enslavement, even as an adult man, he couldnt read. Dozier escaped from Bass Reeves for several years until he tracked Bob Dozier down in the Cherokee Hills. U.S. Factinate is a fact website that is dedicated to finding and sharing fun facts about science, history, animals, films, people, and much more. The Court Notes of the July 31, 1885, Fort Smith Weekly Elevator for example states Deputy Bass Reeves came in same evening with eleven prisoners, as follows: Thomas Post, one Walaska, and Wm. Bass won many turkey shoots for his master, which in Texas was prestigious for George. He beat the man BACK AND depending on what you read, either killed him or almost killed him. His estate came to less than $500. Marshal west of the Mississippi River. In the show, that little boy is quickly ushered out of the movie theater by his terrified parents as the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre unfolds. Marshal. Reeves was finally able to move around the country freely. In Black Gun, Silver Star, Burton recounts some stories from Adam Grayson, a former resident of Indian Territory, saying that Reeves tore up at least one warrant for a prisoner who outraced his sorrell steed. Please add Bass to the American Heroes category. After a citizens petition and an exemplary prison record, his son was pardoned and was never in trouble with the law again. After serving as a valiant marshals deputy, Reeves worked as a policeman in Muskogee for two years, 1907-1909. (AP) The U.S. During a game of cards with his owner, Reeves won, which caused his owner to beat him. Answer (1 of 6): I am just glancing at census records after first reading about Bass Reeves on Wikipedia, but it looks to me like he married Winnie Summer about 1899-1900, when he was around 59 and she was around 38, and that his children and hers were both from previous marriages. He served 11 years at Fort Leavenworth in Kansas before his sentence was commuted; he reportedly lived the rest of his life as a model citizen. [5], Reeves and his family farmed until 1875, when Isaac Parker was appointed federal judge for the Indian Territory. Then, he knocked on the door and asked for a place to rest. When those old gunfighters are sittin around up there in Valhalla discussing who was the, The real law-and-order heros long and Winding road to cinematic and television fame. Reeves shot Webb with his Winchester at 500 yards after Webb narrowly missed him several times. During that era, he made one of his top arrests with the capture of the Seminole Indian fugitive known as Greenleaf in April 1890. Marshal? Reeves returned fire, striking Dozier in the neck, ending him instantly. Reeves eventually tracked Dozier down to a hideout in Cherokee territory. Reeves had sent a lot of men into Parkers chamber, most of whom had done terrible things. Have you taken a DNA test? 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