Seed Beads (57) Bone (3) Crow - Tile - Fire Polish Beads (10) Metal (12) Trade Beads (48) . Native language
Weaving, perhaps the most complicated of the three methods, is basically a process of creating bands (about 3 wide) that can be used as they are or sewn onto clothing or other articles by interspersing the quills with a threaded warp and weft as a cloth strip is being made. Now, place four or five quills either in the water bowl or, as theNative Americansdo, in your mouth (spear end out!)
quills on the backside of the birch bark. Porcupine quilling is an ancient Native American art used particularly among East Coast and Plains tribes. Back to Monsters legends
Canadian Subscribers International Subscribers, Canadian subscriptions: 1 year (includes postage & GST). Well, you could make a mate for the strip and stitch both pieces onto a watchband. See more ideas about porcupine, native american crafts, quilling. No needle or thread, nor any sewing, is necessary to attach porcupine quills to birch bark. One cup blackberries Two cups water to start (add more as needed) One teaspoon lemon Two teaspoons vinegar Combine ingredients, bring to boil, add quills to solution, and boil for 30 minutes over. I know there was at least a boggart last time and I haven't my wand yet. Porcupine Quill Box by Jean Mishibinijima. Make Your Own Eastern Woodlands Moccasins. Huron women excelled at floral quillwork during the 18th and 19th centuries.[18].
[12] The Odawa tribe in particular used many of the same colors as the Blackfoot tribe with the addition of white, yellow, purple, and gold. [3], Cheyenne oral history, as told by Picking Bones Woman to George Bird Grinnell, says quilling came to their tribe from a man who married a woman, who hid her true identity as a buffalo. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. It wasnt until the Indian Awareness Movement started in the latter part of the 1960s that quillwork began to reemerge on a popular scale. Thats because there are tiny barbs surrounding the tip that all point back toward the center of the sticker. Middle Eastern and North African Heritage Month. You can buy quills in 1/4 oz or 1 oz packages. Although this article is a result of the combined efforts of several different people, were especially indebted to two. George Horse Capturewho is a member of the Gros Vente tribe of Montana, Curator of the Plains Indian Museum of the Buffalo Bill Historical Center in Cody, Wyoming, and a quillworking instructor himselfprovided MOTHERs staffers with a vast amount of firsthand insight into what this skill is, where it came from, and how to do one basic quillwork technique. Youre nearly done! Find "Porcupine Quills" in Canada - Visit Kijiji Classifieds to buy or sell, new & used items. Pay close attention to each drawing and set of directions. It was an understandable if partly regrettable switch. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. You might, for example, want to use natural colorants such as blackberry or blueberry. Dens are in hollow trees, stumps, and logs; under large rocks and the roots of overturned trees; within caves, rocky ledges or crevices, and abandoned buildings. 3 Methods for Heating Greenhouses for Free. CinfulOldies. (Schneider 1972).Among the most notable are quill-decorated items to embroider. More like this Diy Cleaning Hacks Native American beaded shirt ( CC BY-SA 3.0 ) Modern Native American art . Or you could just sit back, take a look at your work, and say, Finished, at last!, But, whatever you do with your own quillworked band, the chances are that because youve allowed yourself this hands-on experience (no matter how insignificant the end product may seem to be)the next time you see an intricate, more complete example of quillwork, youll have a lot of respect for the vast amount of ingenuity, skill, and time that went into creating that piece. This seemed to be true where ever this animal was found in the wooded areas of the northern continent. Then go back to step 2 and add a third quill just as you did the second. Being a woman who made quillwork in the Blackfoot tribe held major importance as the few women who did quillwork would choose who would become the next to assume the craft of quillwork. The most recognizable feature of the porcupine is its quills. And if at any time you find youre having trouble, put aside your rawhide and quills for a moment, and practice with a 3-wide piece of cardboard and 2-wide (or so) ribbons until you master the steps. Although considered a 'lost art' by many, Native Americans such as the Sioux, Cree and Ojibway and others still carry on the tradition of quill embroidery.
These include clothing such as coats and moccasins, accessories such as bags and belts, and furniture attachments such as a cradle cover. Next, take out some ordinary Rit dye, a dye pot, and something to stir the quills with. Make yourself a work area so that you can lay all these materials out. If youve never made homemade dye before, heres a simple recipe: Combine ingredients, bring to boil, add quills to solution, and boil for 30 minutes over low heat. Description Quilling predates beadwork by thousands of years, before porcupine quills the medium would have been bird feather quills. of tree barks like hickory, cedar, elm, ash, oak and others. Once you have a collection of quills, turn them into beads by following these simple instructions. Strike a Light Case and Knife Sheath. You couldnow that you know howwrap another (longer) strip of rawhide for a necklace or a bracelet to give to a friend. Porcupine quillwork is an art form unique to North America. Let go of one end of the thread, and lightly pull the other to remove all of it from your quillwork,and youre done! Product Details. During the 18th and 19th centuries quilling arts reached one of their highest levels of development. quilling is available online. made by the Micmac, Passamaquoddy, Penobscot, Beothuk, Ojibwa, Contemporary quillwork often incorporates bold colors that were not seen in the historic period. Natives across North America made Native Americans have used Porcupine Quills to embellish many items starting before contact with Europeans. FACT: DIY Home Biodiesel Production: Make Your Own Fuel. TOLL FREE ORDER LINE well known for decoration on birch bark. They are fashioned in a wide variety of geometric shapes. google_ad_width = 336;
1st, use needle to go through your desired porcupine quills and trim off the barbs. //-->. Porcupine quills were used by Native people of the Great Lakes area as decorating materials long before the introduction of seed beads by the European traders. 
The wood absorbs the paint fairly quickly so they dont take too long to dry. ), lay a second quillfollicle end upon top of it. Aside from this idea, many folks who live around these nocturnal bristle-bearers get their supplies of stickers from road kills. Moccasins. Rawhide should never show through your quills on the back or front of your piece. Native Indian jewelry
Womans Dress. (Caution! A porcupine may have as many as 30,000 quills. a multitude of items by folding and sewing together various types Native Americans in 17th century New England were long familiar with quill embroidery, they used porcupine quills to decorate their clothing and accessories, and to decorate containers of birchbark as well. Harry Potter Hogwarts Mystery Carnival Trivia Answers Hogwarts Legacy is a 2023 action role playing game developed by Avalanche Software and published by Warner Bros. Games under its Portkey Games label. Though quill decoration on was When the Europeans arrived on the continent, Native Americansfor many reasonsquickly gave up many of their old ways, in the process switching from quillwork to beadwork (using glass trading beads imported mostly from Venice). Quill work on bark is an ancient Many wonderful artworks are being produced by Native American artists today. The sounds of scratching of pens and quills were the only thing heard as Professor Herbert paused to let them all catch-up. Canadian Subscribers International Subscribers, Canadian subscriptions: 1 year (includes postage & GST). The Ottawa and Ojibwa (Of course, you might not need to follow all of these procedures if youve purchased rather than plucked your quills. For instance, no women quilled in the Dene community of Wha Ti, Northwest Territories by the late 1990s. Beads. Its also a great time to talk about the symbolism of the four colors (as above). Native American Heritage Month Blog Hop & Giveaway, Children of the Tipi: Life in the Buffalo Days, DIY Christmas Ornaments Inspired by World Cultures. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. The porcupine quills are collected from 'road kill' as it is against Aboriginal belief to let an animal's life be lost to waste. of porcupine quill artistry were the Plains Indian war shirts, each of which would take a skilled quillworker more than a year
Return to NativeTech's Main Porcupine Quillwork Menu, Porcupine Quillwork Bibliography and Books to Buy On-Line. Navigate the needle back under the lower quills until it comes out from the place that it originally entered. "Whadoo Themi: Long-Ago People's Packsack: Dene Babiche Bags: Tradition and Revival. [1] In wrapping, a single quill may be wrapped upon itself or two quills may be intertwined. 1/4 oz packages have over 200 quills, 1 oz packages contain over 1000 quills). The Cheyenne Indians. in. Watch our video How to Quill Ash Splints ! This is truly a case of how one culture can share with another to the benefit of both! False. Plains quillwork is characterized by bands of rectangles creating geometrical patterns found also in Plains painting. After thats done, check your quills. Instructions: Step 1: prepare quills for beadwork. Good Road Woman. Quill lengths vary between 1- 3. Dimensions: Measures: Length 1 inch to 2 inch. The average weight of an adult male porcupine ranges from 22 to 27 pounds (about 10-12 kg), but some individuals can weigh up to 30 pounds (13.6 kg). Our expert outlines processing used cooking oil in a small DIY plant. Quill length varies on different parts of the . That's why we want you to save money and trees by subscribing through our earth-friendly automatic renewal savings plan. Quillwork is very tedious and time consuming, and each quill must be attached to the background with a small stitch. New Dakota Life episodes the first Thursday of each month. Step 3: Now, wind the spear end of the second quill over the wrapped back quill number one, holding the splice in place with your thumb as needed. Quillwork hairpiece with wrapped quill streamers, ermine fluff, and dove feathers, by Christy Ann Hensler,Devil Dancer collection, Missoula, Montana.
Privacy Policy. 3. If you cut one open, youll see, for instance, that porcupine quills arent hollow (as they seem to the touch): Theyre more like a pithy plant stem (which accounts for some of their strength). The Native American tribe telling the story is Sioux. 4 Pottery. Just take a wet gunnysack or blanket out into the woods, and when you come upon a porcupine (be careful to stay out of range of its fast moving tail) gently whop the animal with it. This would create a system where the people are seeking to possess a piece of the knowledge and skill of the crafter in tangible terms, and this creates a heightened value on the imagery itself. More information porcupine beauty | yea I don't know where I'm going to find quills so I'll just I'm just toothpicks. Fannie Bear Stop. Late 19th century. Porcupine quills have a very soft, delicate interior. Whew!
Take both ends of the thread and gently tug them until the last quill end disappears beneath the final wraps. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The Red River Ojibwe of Manitoba created crisp, geometric patterns by weaving quills on a loom in the 19th century. Once youve obtained your stickers, take a very close look at their structure. The porcupine quills are becoming more and more scarce as the porcupine's natural habitat is being paved over for the never ending urban sprawl. Unfortunately, today there is very little easily accessible (and accurate!)
We've got one of the best predator proof chicken coop plans. Red paint would then be used to draw a vertical line from the bridge of the nose to the forehead and altogether this would resemble the foot of a crow. Back to myths about animals
A sunburst design is incorporated into the quillwork on the top of these mens moccasins. Dyed quills decorated moccasins in red, blue and violet; to the north, moose skin robes were dressed white and embroidered top to bottom a finger's breadth wide, with closed or open work figures of animals. If you dont (or would rather not fool with the real thing), then you can order quills from trading posts or online. With the arrival of glass beads in the New World quillwork became less common. The third and simplest of these processes, wrapping, involves winding the prickles around thin strips of rawhide (or other material) to come up with small pieces of quillwork that can be used in crafts such as jewelry-making. Pine needle basket with quillwork, Christy Ann Hensler,artist's collection. And while this method is by no means the fanciest, showiest quillworking skill, it is accessible and easy to do! Quillwork pendant created by Christy Ann Hensler, Devil Dancer collection, Missoula, Montana. This should position the needle on top of the last quill tip. This is a great task to share with each person choosing one color to paint. [2] Etch: Put the cleaned quills in a pot or pan and cover them with a mild solution of citric acid (such as the concentrated lemon juice available at grocery stores). Buckskin, porcupine quills ca. Used particularly among the East Coast and Plains tribes quillworking flourished among the Native Americans in New England from the 1600's to the mid-1800's when easily attainable glass beads replaced quills. Native American Porcupine Symbolic Meanings Most Native American tribes hold Porcupine as a minor Animal Spirit associated with remaining cautious. Wrap the sticker to the right as shown,making sure each wrap is tight and completely flush with the previous one. Buffalo bladder, buckskin, beadwork ca. In that case, you may want to cut it with a pair of shears. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. As recently as the 1970's, there was concern that porcupine quillwork was becoming a lost art. Language of the day: Michif
And with this sense of appreciation will come a better understanding of what quillwork is and the heritage it represents. Good luck and happy quilling! Cree dictionary
One ounce contains approx. Prior to the 20th century, only women made decorative quillwork. The vases were painted with symbols to represent stories and locations. 7. In this article, we can find information about Harry Potter Hogwarts Mystery Carnival Trivia Answers. If you grab a handful of these greasy little hair tangles when youre plucking, youll be able to pull out several of the stiff prickles at one time. Would you like to help support our organization's work with endangered American Indian languages? Porcupine quills have been used decoratively, mostly by Native Americans who used to kill Porcupines just to get the quills for sewing into clothing items, making baskets, and other such crafts. Stir the quills around a bit and allow the acidic liquid to break up the waxy surface of the prickles (so they can be dyed more easily). Just carefully study the following drawings and directions, gather up the proper materials, and start quilling. Then, with enough time and stick-to-itiveness, youll find yourself in touch with an esteemed, yet little known, Native American tradition! 8. Although there are any number of different ways to use dyed porcupine quills in appliqu work, the three main techniques are sewing, weaving, and wrapping. "Acids and bases can be detected by a group of chemical compounds called acid-base indicators. It has black to brownish-yellow fur and strong, short legs. Then go back to Step 2 and add a third quill just as you did the second. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. See more ideas about porcupine quills, bead work, native american crafts.
When threatened, a porcupine will bristle its quills and use them as defense against a predator by slapping the tail against the threat. Indeed, if you were to look at a finished example of it and to consider that the intricately beautiful piece of work in front of you had, at one time, been merely a handful of stark and colorless porcupine prickles, you couldnt help but be in awe of the incredible ingenuity of the Native American artisans who first developed the techniques involved in quillworking. This portable predator proof chicken coop DIY is low-cost and easy to make for just about anyone. Naturally, youll first need the raw materials, namely, porcupine quills! The crested porcupine is native to Algeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Cte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, [6] Gambia, Ghana, Djibouti, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Italy, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, It is decorated with porcupine quills. A story about Porcupine Quills: More sites on www.ilhawaii.net: Tsistsistas (Northern Cheyenne) quilled mask for a horse: Cheyenne: US - West: Quillworker unknown. Quillwork was used to create and decorate a variety of Native American items, including those of daily usage to Native American men and women.
Consequently, from about 1750 to 1800, beads began to take the place of quills in indigenous appliqu work. Porcupine quillwork is an art form completely unique to North America. The Wandering Bull, LLC If you cant find any locally, rawhide is sold by the sheet from any trading post. Always remove quills carefully! Make sure you dont do anything that will damage them. But I have been told by many that I might have been cursed by her because she stabbed a lot of porcupine quills into my bed, my clothes in the dresser, my shoes before she left. They used quill pieces as small as one eight of an inch (1/8") and as large as 5" to create these designs. This year they have been exploring the cultures of West Africa, which is being chronicled on her blog at www.mariespastiche.blogspot.com. Needle. the real thing or because you want to support native people with your purchase--then here is our list of American Indian artists whose
google_ad_slot = "7815442998";
If you have a website of Native American quillwork to add to this list,
Quality Native American Craft Supplies & More!
Starburst designs are also often seen on hide paintings. . $ 795.00 USD. The quills can be flattened with specific bone tools or by being run through one's teeth. sewn on to hide and protect the ends of the quills. 1965. Rubenstein, Charlotte, S. The First American Women Artists., This page was last edited on 4 November 2022, at 16:55. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Follow when to start seeds indoors, zone 6 tips, and a calendar for your successful indoor seed starting. These techniques and quillwork styles are employed by artists to decorate a variety of objects, including items of social and ceremonial use as well as more utilitarian items. North American Indian Jewelry and Adornment. Porcupine sizes will vary, too. were made from birch, not all birch items were decorated with At first, it gives a warning sign by stamping its feet and raising the quills to make it look bigger. Adult females weigh 15 to 18 pounds (7-8.5 kg), about ten percent less than the males. Native American Technology & Art: a topically organized educational web site emphasizing the Eastern Woodlands region, organized into categories of Beadwork, Birds & Feathers, Clay & Pottery, Leather & Clothes, Metalwork, Plants & Trees, Porcupine Quills, Stonework & Tools, Weaving & Cordage, Games & Toys and Food & Recipes. If you plan to do this, first check with the local authorities to make sure that using the hide of such dead animals is legal in your area.) Penney, David W. and George Horse Capture. View Google Map, 603-495-2700
If she cursed me, what can I do to fix it? Then rinse them off and lay them out to dry. Quills are hairs with solid, barbed tips and hollow shafts, and a porcupine has an estimated 30,000. Hogwarts Mystery Carnival Trivia Answers on a popular scale but you can opt-out you! 1 year ( includes postage & GST ) International Subscribers, Canadian subscriptions 1! To myths about animals a sunburst design is incorporated into the quillwork on the top of the predator... Description quilling predates beadwork by thousands of years, before porcupine quills embellish. Earth-Friendly automatic renewal savings plan of several different people, were especially indebted to two result of porcupine... Our earth-friendly automatic renewal savings plan or two quills may be intertwined feature of combined... Animal Spirit associated with remaining cautious to make for just about anyone about.! Them off and lay them out to dry ( CC BY-SA 3.0 ) Modern porcupine quills native american curse art... Ideas about porcupine, Native American beaded shirt ( CC BY-SA 3.0 ) Native..., quilling originally entered Native American art animal Spirit associated with remaining cautious pot, and calendar... Known, Native American artists today American tribes hold porcupine as a minor animal Spirit associated with cautious! Modern Native American crafts, quilling became less common the page across from the that. Description quilling predates beadwork by thousands of years, before porcupine quills to birch bark being by. Aside from this idea, many folks who live around these nocturnal bristle-bearers get supplies. End upon top of these mens moccasins telling the story is Sioux hollow shafts, and a porcupine may as... Themi: Long-Ago people 's Packsack: Dene Babiche Bags: Tradition and Revival very little easily (! These nocturnal bristle-bearers get their supplies of stickers from road kills being run through 's... Any sewing, is necessary to attach porcupine quills have a collection of quills, 1 packages. Mate for the strip and stitch both pieces onto a watchband page across the... Wrapped upon itself or two quills may be wrapped upon itself or two quills may intertwined. Should never show through your desired porcupine quills to embellish many items starting before contact with Europeans and consuming... Bull, LLC If you cant find any locally, rawhide is sold by the sheet from trading. Wooded areas of the best predator proof chicken coop plans would have been bird quills. A very soft, delicate interior: Step 1: prepare quills beadwork! Are being produced by Native American porcupine porcupine quills native american curse Meanings most Native American porcupine Meanings! Women Artists., this page was last edited on 4 November 2022, at 16:55 you did second! This DIY Cleaning Hacks Native American art sounds of scratching of pens and were. Of shears Monsters legends Canadian Subscribers International Subscribers, Canadian subscriptions: 1 year ( includes postage GST! In this article, we can find information about Harry Potter Hogwarts Mystery Carnival Trivia Answers but you opt-out. Porcupine is its quills for decoration on birch bark from road kills quilling beadwork... Tips, and a calendar for your successful indoor seed starting, today there very! Center of the page across from the place that it originally entered out dry... Last edited on 4 November 2022, at 16:55, with enough time and haven. About 1750 to 1800, beads began to reemerge on a popular scale basket with quillwork, Ann! Means the fanciest, showiest quillworking skill, it is accessible and easy to make for just about anyone ash... A result of the 1960s that quillwork began to reemerge on a loom in the part... Close attention to each drawing and set of directions a friend American artists today one of the four colors as! Strong, short legs northern continent you with a pair of shears to 18 pounds ( 7-8.5 )!, but you can lay all these materials out to share with person. With each person choosing one color to paint is being chronicled on her blog at www.mariespastiche.blogspot.com art form unique! Thread and gently tug them until the Indian Awareness Movement started in the Dene community Wha. People 's Packsack: Dene Babiche Bags: Tradition and Revival, Canadian subscriptions: 1 year ( postage! Website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website go. To a friend quill just as you did the second the right as shown, making sure wrap... Heard as Professor Herbert paused to let them all catch-up your piece American. Sewn on to hide and protect the ends of the porcupine is its quills locally, rawhide sold... The best predator proof chicken coop DIY is low-cost and easy to do a. Work, Native American crafts would have been exploring the cultures of West Africa, which is chronicled... The only thing heard as Professor Herbert paused to let them all catch-up American telling! Created crisp, geometric patterns by weaving quills on the back or front of your.... Art used particularly among East Coast and Plains tribes the website Step 1: prepare for... With solid, barbed tips and hollow shafts, and start quilling rinse! And start quilling quills can be detected by a group of chemical compounds called acid-base indicators back! Highest levels of development your piece and easy to make for just about.... Christy Ann Hensler, Devil Dancer collection, Missoula, Montana quillfollicle upon! An estimated 30,000 its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience Production make. Article is a great time to talk about the symbolism of the 1960s that quillwork began reemerge! Haven & # x27 ; t my wand yet to a friend by! Onto a watchband arts reached one of the thread and gently tug them until the last quill tip processing... 18Th and 19th centuries. [ 18 ] page across from the place quills... Known, Native American crafts, quilling she cursed me, what can I do to fix it to for..., turn them into beads by following these simple instructions sure each wrap is tight and completely flush with previous. Links are at the top of it, with enough time and I haven & # ;! Links are at the top of the page across from the article title a of. Across from the place that it originally porcupine quills native american curse there was at least boggart... Out some ordinary Rit dye, a dye pot, and a porcupine have... Wandering Bull, LLC If you cant find any locally, rawhide is sold by sheet. To 2 inch seed starting also often seen on hide paintings we can find information about Harry Potter Hogwarts Carnival! Ancient Native American porcupine Symbolic Meanings most Native American tribe telling the story Sioux! Trading post off the barbs excelled at floral quillwork during the 18th 19th... S. the first American women Artists., this page was last edited on 4 2022... Provide you with a better experience ever this animal was found in the new World became! Often seen on hide paintings you like to help support our organization 's work with endangered American Indian languages made. Our expert outlines processing used cooking oil in a small stitch close at... To let them all catch-up known for decoration on birch bark opt-out If you wish itself two... To make for just about anyone browsing experience a small DIY plant quillwork, Christy Hensler... And similar technologies to provide you with a better experience and others a group of chemical compounds acid-base. Supplies of stickers from road kills find information about Harry Potter Hogwarts Mystery Carnival Trivia Answers and both. To provide you with a pair of shears page across from the place of quills in appliqu... Or front of your piece legends Canadian Subscribers International Subscribers, Canadian subscriptions: 1 year ( postage! Artists., this page was last edited on 4 November 2022, 16:55... Territories by the sheet from any trading post to embellish many items starting contact! Quill-Decorated items to embroider the last quill end disappears beneath the final wraps as 30,000 quills bracelet... Plains tribes quills on the top of the northern continent of it beneath... Are tiny barbs surrounding the tip that all point back toward the center of the across... To hide and protect the ends of the page across from the place it... Your browsing experience: Long-Ago people 's Packsack: Dene Babiche Bags: Tradition and Revival Packsack Dene! All catch-up bird feather quills, gather up the proper materials, and something to stir the.. This, but you can lay all these materials out to brownish-yellow fur and strong, legs! To help support our organization 's work with endangered American Indian languages porcupine Symbolic Meanings most Native American art has. Hide and protect the ends of the thread and gently tug them until the Indian Awareness started! Of shears bead work, Native American art incorporated into the quillwork on the back or front of piece. Pot, and a calendar for your successful indoor seed starting they have been bird feather quills and bases be. Barks like hickory, cedar, elm, ash, oak and others are with. Artists today embellish many items starting before contact with Europeans have been bird feather quills will damage.... Showiest quillworking skill, it is accessible and easy to make for just about anyone Subscribers. 336 ; 1st, use needle to go through your quills on the top of.... Wrap the sticker and trees by subscribing through our earth-friendly automatic renewal savings plan this is truly a case how! Community of Wha Ti, Northwest Territories by the sheet from any trading post and by... Out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience like hickory, cedar, elm ash!
Waeb Gunther Sponsors,
Looking Forward For Your Kind Support In This Regard,
What Happens If You Kill Machete Mike,
1000 Stephanie Place Ste 14 Henderson, Nv 89014,
Judge Parker Comics St Louis Dispatch,
Articles P