These actions consist in the use of the sacraments and in a special way the Eucharist, frequent participation in the sacred action of the Liturgy, application of oneself to prayer, self-abnegation, lively fraternal service and the constant exercise of all the virtues. It is up to the judgment of the Supreme Pontiff, to whose care Christ's whole flock has been entrusted, to determine, according to the needs of the Church as they change over the course of centuries, the way in which this care may best be exercisedwhether in a personal or a collegial way. Among the principal duties of bishops the preaching of the Gospel occupies an eminent place. Therefore, from divine choice the laity have Christ for their brothers who though He is the Lord of all, came not to be served but to serve. Conc. Cod. CONDENSER'S INTRODUCTON . Rom. Maximum illud: AAS 11 (1919) p. 440, praesertim p. 451 ss. The Church, then, considers martyrdom as an exceptional gift and as the fullest proof of love. S. Io Chrysostomus, In Ephes. For the nurturing and constant growth of the People of God, Christ the Lord instituted in His Church a variety of ministries, which work for the good of the whole body. S. Hilarius, In Ps. 63, 14: PL 4, 386; Hartel, III B, p. 713: Saccrdos vice Christi vere fungitur .. S. Io. Trid., Sess. Pius IX, Bulla Ineffabilis 8 dec. 1854: acta Pii IX, I, I, p. 616; Denz. In virtue of their common sacred ordination and mission, all priests are bound together in intimate brotherhood, which naturally and freely manifests itself in mutual aid, spiritual as well as material, pastoral as well as personal, in their meetings and in communion of life, of labor and charity. Vat. They further offer their members the support of fraternal association in the militia of Christ and of liberty strengthened by obedience. Florentinum, Decretum pro Graecis: Denz. (23*) Following the study of Sacred Scripture, the Holy Fathers, the doctors and liturgy of the Church, and under the guidance of the Church's magisterium, let them rightly illustrate the duties and privileges of the Blessed Virgin which always look to Christ, the source of all truth, sanctity and piety. (14*) This perfect continency, out of desire for the kingdom of heaven, has always been held in particular honor in the Church. 1894; AAS 26 (1893-94) p. 707. For besides intimately linking them to His life and His mission, He also gives them a sharing in His priestly function of offering spiritual worship for the glory of God and the salvation of men. The faithful, therefore, must learn the deepest meaning and the value of all creation, as well as its role in the harmonious praise of God. de I reform., Sess. (72), 8. For, as St. Irenaeus says, she "being obedient, became the cause of salvation for herself and for the whole human race. X, 24-25: PL 15, 1810. (2) All the elect, before time began, the Father "foreknew and pre- destined to become conformed to the image of His Son, that he should be the firstborn among many brethren". Ordinis, cap. 960 (1768); Conc. Let them heed the admonition of the Apostle to those who use this world; let them not come to terms with this world; for this world, as we see it, is passing away. Therefore in the Church, everyone whether belonging to the hierarchy, or being cared for by it, is called to holiness, according to the saying of the Apostle: "For this is the will of God, your sanctification". This same state of life is accurately exemplified and perpetually made present in the Church. Dei gcnitricis, Hom. PL 78, 224. All priests, and especially those who are called "diocesan priests," due to the special title of their ordination, should keep continually before their minds the fact that their faithful loyalty toward and their generous cooperation with their bishop is of the greatest value in their growth in holiness. Leo XIII, Epist. (102) Therefore all the disciples of Christ, persevering in prayer and praising God,(103) should present themselves as a living sacrifice, holy and pleasing to God. 1947: AAS 39 (1947) p. 117. (149)(16*), 21. Et sane, 17 dec. 1888: AAS 21 (1888) p. 321. by Fr. In nat. Lumen Gentium (Light of the nations) was promulgated by Pope Paul V. Full membership in the Church involves those who live under the visible representative of Christ. Cfr. (34) Cfr. Encycl. Thus the Church prays and likewise labors so that into the People of God, the Body of the Lord and the Temple of the Holy Spirit, may pass the fullness of the whole world, and that in Christ, the head of all things, all honor and glory may be rendered to the Creator, the Father of the universe. Fully conscious of this communion of the whole Mystical Body of Jesus Christ, the pilgrim Church from the very first ages of the Christian religion has cultivated with great piety the memory of the dead,(6*) and "because it is a holy and wholesome thought to pray for the dead that they may be loosed from their sins",(273) also offers suffrages for them. S 19: PL 17, 479 C ct in Eph. Sources Chret., pp. (132) The Church has received this solemn mandate of Christ to proclaim the saving truth from the apostles and must carry it out to the very ends of the earth. (33) Cfr. (225) Clerics, who are called by the Lord and are set aside as His portion in order to prepare themselves for the various ministerial offices under the watchful eye of spiritual shepherds, are bound to bring their hearts and minds into accord with this special election (which is theirs). Embracing God's salvific will with a full heart and impeded by no sin, she devoted herself totally as a handmaid of the Lord to the person and work of her Son, under Him and with Him, by the grace of almighty God, serving the mystery of redemption. 1826 (3059). Sacramentarium Gregorianum: PL 78, 160 B.Vel C. Mohlberg, Liber Sactamentorum romanae ecclesiae, Romao 195O, p. 111, XC:.Deus, qui ex omni coaptacione sanctorum aeternum tibi condis habitaculum.. Hymnus Urbs Ierusalem beata in Breviario monastico, et Coclest urbs Ierusalem in Breviario Romano. 61, 3: ed. 49. (3) Videatur synthetiea espositi huius doctrinae paulinae in: Piu XII, Litt. Basing itself upon Sacred Scripture and Tradition, it teaches that the Church, now sojourning on earth as an exile, is necessary for salvation. 36. In our own time, however, it is most urgent that this distinction and also this harmony should shine forth more clearly than ever in the lives of the faithful, so that the mission of the Church may correspond more fully to the special conditions of the world today. But while in the most holy Virgin the Church has already reached that perfection whereby she is without spot or wrinkle, the followers of Christ still strive to increase in holiness by conquering sin. Benedictus XV, Epist. The task of proclaiming the Gospel everywhere on earth pertains to the body of pastors, to all of whom in common Christ gave His command, thereby imposing upon them a common duty, as Pope Celestine in his time recommended to the Fathers of the Council of Ephesus. Lumen Gentium is a powerful reminder to Catholics that the Church is a holy society, with necessary, visible structures that were instituted by Christ Himself. Specifically, we find in Lumen Gentium 25 the following: In matters of faith and morals, the bishops speak in the name of Christ and the faithful are to accept their teaching and adhere to it with a religious assent. It is evident from this that the norms approved by the supreme authority must always be observed. But the whole process of Vatican II, including this document, did prove to be a catalyst for ecumenical dialogue in many ways. 1839 (3074). In order to reach this perfection the faithful should . (19*) But Episcopal consecration, together with the office of sanctifying, also confers the office of teaching and of governing, which, however, of its very nature, can be exercised only in hierarchical communion with the head and the members of the college. (21) Conc. 20. Lumen Gentium, ("Light of Nations", Vatican II, 1964) changed nothing in the ecclesiology of the Roman Catholic Church, and it was designed that way. Besides these already named, there are also laymen, chosen of God and called by the bishop. I, Const. 1904: Acta, I, p. 154- Denz. 1 n. 8. Second Sunday of the Year. Gelasius I, Decretalis De libris recipiendis, 3: PL 59, 160, Denz. This religious submission of mind and will must be shown in a special way to the authentic magisterium of the Roman Pontiff, even . (25*) For when Christ shall appear and the glorious resurrection of the dead will take place, the glory of God will light up the heavenly City and the Lamb will be the lamp thereof. He is the image of the invisible God and in Him all things came into being. (8) Cfr. This Temple, symbolized in places of worship built out of stone, is praised by the Holy Fathers and, not without reason, is compared in the liturgy to the Holy City, the New Jerusalem (5*). Cod. 5 et 6. 16:15-16; Acts 26:17 ff. (236) The importance of the profession of the evangelical counsels is seen in the fact that it fosters the perfection of love of God and love of neighbor in an outstanding manner and that this profession is strengthened by vows. In this way the building up of the earthly city may have its foundation in the Lord and may tend toward Him, lest perhaps those who build this city shall have labored in vain. (66) Cfr. Though they differ from one another in essence and not only in degree, the common priesthood of the faithful and the ministerial or hierarchical priesthood are nonetheless interrelated: each of them in its own special way is a participation in the one priesthood of Christ. S. Cyprianus, Epist. : Denz. 290-292 et 372 ss. 10. Funk, 1, p. 282. 184, a. (62) For this reason we, who have been made to conform with Him, who have died with Him and risen with Him, are taken up into the mysteries of His life, until we will reign together with Him. Cf. Damascenus, De fide orth., IV, 14: PG 94, 1153-1161. Lumen Gentium, Vatican II's constitution on the Church, became famous (or rather, notorious) for its heretical teaching of collegiality. Summary and Analysis of Chapter VIll of LUMEN GENTIUM Ch. All men are called to this union with Christ, who is the light of the world, from whom we go forth, through whom we live, and toward whom our whole life strains. Pius XII, Alloc. Nicaenum II, anno 787: Mansi 13. Nic. Finally all Christ's faithful, whatever be the conditions, duties and circumstances of their livesand indeed through all these, will daily increase in holiness, if they receive all things with faith from the hand of their heavenly Father and if they cooperate with the divine will. S. Augustinus, Bapt. Rom 8:15-16, 26). (5) Cfr. Encycl. For the College, always and of necessity, includes its head, because in the college he preserves unhindered his function as Christ's Vicar and as Pastor of the universal Church. Indeed through Baptism a person dies to sin and is consecrated to God. dogm. III, de utilitate chrismatis: PG 150, 569-580. They should sustain one another in grace throughout the entire length of their lives. It flows forth from the superabundance of the merits of Christ, rests on His mediation, depends entirely on it and draws all its power from it. Annus sacer, 1. c., p. 28. ier., 1, 2: PG 3, 372 D. (67) Cfr. The bishops are owed this respect because of their pastoral authority in their own churches and because of the need of unity and harmony in the apostolate.(8*). L. 2, 9, 23: PG 93, 894 B. Indeed Christ, the Son of God, who with the Father and the Spirit is praised as "uniquely holy," (1*) loved the Church as His bride, delivering Himself up for her. (41), The Church, further, "that Jerusalem which is above" is also called "our mother". It begs aid and grace from God for them by its public prayer. All men are called to be part of this catholic unity of the people of God which in promoting universal peace presages it. Because this is so, this Sacred Synod gathered together in the Holy Spirit eagerly desires, by proclaiming the Gospel to every creature,(1) to bring the light of Christ to all people, a light brightly visible on the countenance of the Church. Encycl. Deiparae: PG 98, 321 BC. Chapter 1: The Roles of Bishops in Lumen Gentium; pp. IV, n. 16, cum notis 12 et 15. (30) On that land the ancient olive tree grows whose holy roots were the Prophets and in which the reconciliation of Jews and Gentiles has been brought about and will be brought about. The Drafting of 'Lumen Gentium'. The present-day conditions of the world add greater urgency to this work of the Church so that all men, joined more closely today by various social, technical and cultural ties, might also attain fuller unity in Christ. nota adiecta ad Schema I de Eccl. 186 ratings, 4.42 average rating, 23 reviews. - S. Germanus Constantinop., In annunt. Encycl. 264 et 234. (13) Cfr. T HE critical study of the dogmatic Constitution De Ecclesia, also called Lumen gentium is the main axis of the Catholic Counter-Reformation. Encycl. Cfr. (4) S. Cyprianus, De Orat Dom. 1712l (3011). 35 Mt 21:42; cf. (32) The true vine is Christ who gives life and the power to bear abundant fruit to the branches, that is, to us, who through the Church remain in Christ without whom we can do nothing. (47) The Church, while on earth it journeys in a foreign land away from the Lord,(48) is like in exile. The Church, to which we are all called in Christ Jesus, and in which we acquire sanctity through the grace of God, will attain its full perfection only in the glory of heaven, when there will come the time of the restoration of all things. III, 22, 4: PG 7, 9S9 A; Harvey, 2, 123. 22: Denz. 3, citat verba 2 Tim. (72) Ordo consecrationis sacerdotalis in praefatione. Therefore, this Sacred Synod encourages and praises the men and women, Brothers and Sisters, who in monasteries, or in schools and hospitals, or in the missions, adorn the Bride of Christ by their unswerving and humble faithfulness in their chosen consecration and render generous services of all kinds to mankind. Cfr. In virtue of his office, that is as Vicar of Christ and pastor of the whole Church, the Roman Pontiff has full, supreme and universal power over the Church. Furthermore, it not only witnesses to the fact of a new and eternal life acquired by the redemption of Christ, but it foretells the future resurrection and the glory of the heavenly kingdom. IV, anno 1215, Constit. Funk, I, p. 264. Indeed the counsels, voluntarily undertaken according to each one's personal vocation, contribute a great deal to the purification of heart and spiritual liberty. Attentively in Christ, let them consider with fatherly love the projects, suggestions and desires proposed by the laity. Let them willingly employ their prudent advice. Due to the special circumstances of our time the foundations of this doctrine must be more thoroughly examined. 21:24. A bishop marked with the fullness of the sacrament of Orders, is "the steward of the grace of the supreme priesthood," (48*) especially in the Eucharist, which he offers or causes to be offered,(49*) and by which the Church continually lives and grows. 1943 AAS 35 (1943), p. 208. (69) Cfr. This is so even at the very beginning, when at the marriage feast of Cana, moved with pity, she brought about by her intercession the beginning of miracles of Jesus the Messiah. 6-9 (10-13); Symb. Ad coeli Reginam, 11 Oct. 1954: AAS 46 (1954), pp. 1950: AAS 42 (1950) p. 256. This it intends to do following faithfully the teaching of previous councils. However, in order that he may be capable of deriving more abundant fruit from this baptismal grace, he intends, by the profession of the evangelical counsels in the Church, to free himself from those obstacles, which might draw him away from the fervor of charity and the perfection of divine worship. 4:13. 1923: AAS 15 (1923) p. 50 ct pp. (35*) From this it follows that the individual bishops, insofar as their own discharge of their duty permits, are obliged to enter into a community of work among themselves and with the successor of Peter, upon whom was imposed in a special way the great duty of spreading the Christian name. (25) Tertullianus, de Iciunio, 13: PL 2, 972 B; CSFL 20, p. 292,lin. Opera, Quaracchi, t. 8, 1898, p. 245 a. Pius XII, Litt. These elements, as gifts belonging to the Church of Christ, are forces impelling toward catholic unity. For those ministers, who are endowed with sacred power, serve their brethren, so that all who are of the People of God, and therefore enjoy a true Christian dignity, working toward a common goal freely and in an orderly way, may arrive at salvation. S. Ignatius M., Smyrn 8, 1: ed. http://riceschool.orgThis video gives a brief overview of this document from Vatican II. Hence the Commission, almost unanimously, decided that this wording should be used: "in hierarchical communion." This Sacred Council, following closely in the footsteps of the First Vatican Council, with that Council teaches and declares that Jesus Christ, the eternal Shepherd, established His holy Church, having sent forth the apostles as He Himself had been sent by the Father;(136) and He willed that their successors, namely the bishops, should be shepherds in His Church even to the consummation of the world. 247-248. The word "functions [munera]" is used deliberately instead of the word "powers [potestates]," because the latter word could be understood as a power fully ready to act. Lumen Gentium Summary Understanding what the Church is helps us understanding role & mission of Church Church as sign & instrument of God Fellowship or communion as Church reflects communion or fellowship found within the Trinity ALL are called to holiness, with Mary as example of response to this call Lumen Gentiumlays ground work for Gentium. Nous sommes heureux, 11 apr.1958: AAS 50 (1958) p. 283. Sacramentum ordinis: Denz. Satis cognitum, 1. c., p. 713. Satis cognitum, 29 iun. 633-636; Denz. But the Lord wishes to spread His kingdom also by means of the laity, namely, a kingdom of truth and life, a kingdom of holiness and grace, a kingdom of justice, love and peace (4*). 165 (353). Paul's priorities map closely with those of the Second Vatican Council, which was ongoing at the time he wrote the encyclical, and many of the themes introduced in the encyclical are further elaborated in the documents of the council, such as Lumen Gentium on the nature of the church, Gaudium et Spes on the relationship between the church and . In order that the faithful may reach this perfection, they must use their strength accordingly as they have received it, as a gift from Christ. I, Sess. 2. "All Christians in any state or walk of life are called to the fullness of Christian life and to the perfection of charity. Modus 81. I, cap. Cfr. Encycl. (290), 58. Funk, I, p. 218. 55. (36*) With all their energy, therefore, they must supply to the missions both workers for the harvest and also spiritual and material aid, both directly and on their own account. Encycl. (13*) It is supremely fitting, therefore, that we love those friends and coheirs of Jesus Christ, who are also our brothers and extraordinary benefactors, that we render due thanks to God for them (14*) and "suppliantly invoke them and have recourse to their prayers, their power and help in obtaining benefits from God through His Son, Jesus Christ, who is our Redeemer and Saviour. 1828 (3061). I, ess. Such a multiple and miraculous growth augments both the progress of the members of these various religious families themselves and the welfare of the entire Body of Christ. Funk, l, p. 244. (14) Cfr. Act. Education, Spirituality, Vatican II. Pius XII, Alloc. Pius XII, Litt. Epist. 60. Verified Purchase. Act. V, 23-24: GCS 11, 1, p. 488 ss. By such a bond, a person is totally dedicated to God, loved beyond all things. ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 CHAPTER I - THE MYSTERY OF THE CHURCH 1. this sacred Council, being gathered together in the Holy Spirit, that by proclaiming his Gospel to every creature (cf. (3) Cfr. 1:10; Col. 1:20; 2 Pt.3:10-13. In this singular way she cooperated by her obedience, faith, hope and burning charity in the work of the Saviour in giving back supernatural life to souls. III, q. 1898: ASS 31 (1898-99) p. 11. Denz. The Lord called them blessed in His Gospel and they are those whom "the God of all graces, who has called us unto His eternal glory in Christ Jesus, will Himself, after we have suffered a little while, perfect, strengthen and establish".(226). (57) Cfr. Leo XIII, Const. S. Cyrillus Alex., Glaph in Gen. 2, 10: PG 69, 110 A. Origenes, Comm. 7, 7: PG 14, 1122 B. Ps.- Macarius, De Oratione, 11: PG 34, 861 AB. The Catholic Church, taught by the Holy Spirit, honors her with filial affection and piety as a most beloved mother. Cfr. By this same sacramental grace, they are given the courage necessary to lay down their lives for their sheep, and the ability of promoting greater holiness in the Church by their daily example, having become a pattern for their flock.(224). Since the Supreme Pontiff is head of the College, he alone is able to perform certain actions which are not at all within the competence of the bishops, e.g., convoking the College and directing it, approving norms of action, etc. Cf. F. Streicher) pas I, pp. He is not saved, however, who, though part of the body of the Church, does not persevere in charity. Cod. Chalcedonense: Mansi 7, 462. In like manner the Episcopal bodies of today are in a position to render a manifold and fruitful assistance, so that this collegiate feeling may be put into practical application. Therefore, this document is written . 16 January 2005. 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